The Scarlett Letter Review Essay Example For Students

The Scarlett Letter Review Essay The Scarlet Letter is a movie that has changed many times and in this summary I will tryto stick to this one movie, even though I may compare it to the novel. As you alreadyknow, The Scarlet Letter was written by Nathaniel Hawthorne dealing with the times ofthe Salem witch trials and puritan life. It is said that Hawthorne was very focused onthese times because he felt guilty because his ancestors sent many men and womenthrough various trails including burning and drowning them. Hawthorne is a great writerand one of my personal favorites, he writes in such a way that a vision is formed in yourmind and he shows the feelings of those in his stories, real or imagined. For preset the movie is told from Pearls eyes as if looking back on the lover hermother and father shared and their trials to be together. It begins with Mistress HesterPrin coming to the colonies without her husband, which many viewed as odd anyway. Hester finds her a nice cottage on the coast and precedes to buy help and live fairlynormal. Many look down on her because she is alone and they expect something terribleof her. There is a group of women that take her in because they too are shunned fromsociety, this group includes Harriet, she is very helpful and friendly to Hester throughoutthe movie. One day while Hester is gardening she sees a red bird and follows it to whereshe sees a young man swimming in the nude. On the Sabbath on her way to church hercarriage gets stuck in the mud, and the nude swimmer helps her and admits that he hasbeen trespassing on her property. The two get to town and he disappears before she canget his name. Then she enters and sits and he enters the pulpit. After the service they areproperly introduced and he finds out that she is married. You can see in his eyes that thistruly hurts him especially since many, many women introduce her to him as Mrs. RogerPrin. The two a obviously very intrigued with each other and eventually their passion isfreed on a chance meeting. Hes ter then realizes she is pregnant and one of the ladies thatalso joins her at Harriets told the elders, because she had saw Hester throw up in themorning hours. Hester refused to reveal the father and lie in prison until her child wasborn. Rev. Dimsdale came to visit everyday and everyday he was turned away, he reallyloved Hester and did not want her to suffer alone, but promised to keep the secretpaternity until she said otherwise. After Pearl, the bastard child, was born, Dimsdalecame to baptize the child and it was the first time he saw and held his only child. Afterthese events, the two were set free from the prison, but Hester was sentenced to wear hershame for all to see, she was required to wear an A pinned to her bosom at all times andwhen she was in town, there was a drummer hired to follow her around. Hester thoughther husband Roger was dead but he soon came around after being an Indian prisoner for awhile. He said that he would not punish her for this behavior but the man that wouldntstep out from behind her skirttails. Roger pretended to be a doctor to probe the mindsand hearts of the community to find out who was his betrayer. Once watching thereverend for a while and seeing him go to the scaffold and puncture himself on a nightlybasis, he realizes that this man is the one in the wrong. He then contrives a plan to killhim that he had learned from the Indians. One night Hester heard a noise outside hercottage and went out to investigate and called out Arthurs name, only he was not the onethere. It was a man that had had his eye on Hester since she arrived. He was trying torape her when she jabbed a candle into his eye, and he left in a hurry on his horse. Roger, also thinking that the returning man was Dimsdale jumped him from a tree in thewoods and scalped him. As the body was brought back into town the next morning,Roger is enjoying his prize and at that moment realizes that he has killed the wrong man,and hangs himself for he sure that he will b e found out. Somewhere at about this pointHester, Pearl, Harriet, and many other women are accused of witchcraft and sentenced tohang. At the moment when the women are on the scaffold, Arthur comes forward withthe truth about everything and volunteers to hang for there is no witchcraft it is simply asin that implanted these fears in the community. As Arthur slips his neck into the nooseand all watch and cheer Hang Him!, the council wont allow it and he is free. Thethree are then a family and bury Roger and leave the town that caused them all such pain. .u053237f80c9400ef1a5a9fd0630a50cb , .u053237f80c9400ef1a5a9fd0630a50cb .postImageUrl , .u053237f80c9400ef1a5a9fd0630a50cb .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u053237f80c9400ef1a5a9fd0630a50cb , .u053237f80c9400ef1a5a9fd0630a50cb:hover , .u053237f80c9400ef1a5a9fd0630a50cb:visited , .u053237f80c9400ef1a5a9fd0630a50cb:active { border:0!important; } .u053237f80c9400ef1a5a9fd0630a50cb .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u053237f80c9400ef1a5a9fd0630a50cb { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u053237f80c9400ef1a5a9fd0630a50cb:active , .u053237f80c9400ef1a5a9fd0630a50cb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u053237f80c9400ef1a5a9fd0630a50cb .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u053237f80c9400ef1a5a9fd0630a50cb .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u053237f80c9400ef1a5a9fd0630a50cb .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u053237f80c9400ef1a5a9fd0630a50cb .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u053237f80c9400ef1a5a9fd0630a50cb:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u053237f80c9400ef1a5a9fd0630a50cb .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u053237f80c9400ef1a5a9fd0630a50cb .u053237f80c9400ef1a5a9fd0630a50cb-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u053237f80c9400ef1a5a9fd0630a50cb:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Prospero And Shakespeare Essay Paper We will write a custom essay on The Scarlett Letter Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now I really enjoyed the movie even though it strayed from the novel on variousoccasions, such as how they met and why Harriet was shunned, because in the novel shewas the Sunday school teacher. Anyway, the story line was basically the same and it wasvery enjoyable. It showed many of the things that people did years and years ago and thebeliefs that they shared. It gave a view of this so-called Christian world when peoplewere indicted and sentenced for the slightest thing and freedom didnt really exist. Itallowed you to slip back in time and you could feel Hesters beliefs and pains. Also thepain of Arthur from his hiding his guilt for so long. The love story allows you to get lostin the story line and know that the two of them had a real love, a strong love.

Vampire Lore essays

Vampire Lore essays The Vampyre was written at a time when Europe was in upheaval, having just experienced the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic wars. This can be detected in a slight xenophobia present in the story, evident in the distrust of the continent. Whereas Britain is depicted as a country of aristocracy, enjoying themselves frivolously but harmlessly (until Lord Ruthvens entrance), the countries visited by Aubrey and Ruthven on their travels are shown to be places containing endless ancient ruins to be discovered, populated by a superstitious people (particularly Ianthes family, complete with the supernatural tales of her nurse) that believe in such ridiculous notions as the living vampyre. Europe is portrayed as being mysterious and, later, dangerous, with the unexpected and violent attack in the Greek hills. This view would seem to be more Aubreys than the authors, however, for, as the story develops, each of the rural Greeks portentous worries comes to pass. Rather than ultimately showing the superstitions to be baseless and ludicrous, Polidori in fact confirms it all, especially with the final, melodramatic and very conclusive statement that: Aubreys sister had glutted the thirst of a VAMPYRE! Foreshadowing is also employed extensively, enabling the reader to anticipate events far in advance of the primary character, Aubrey. The links between the legends of the vampyre and Lord Ruthven are built up slowly but clearly. One of the first things we learn of Ruthven is that, whilst gambling, he likes to be in total control, and preys upon the rash youthful novice, his eyes [sparkling] with more fire than that of the cat whilst dallying with the half dead mouse. This is a clear parallel to his vampiric tendencies, in which he targets young and innocent girls. We go on to learn of his irresistible powers of seduction&...

World Religion (Buddhism) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

World Religion (Buddhism) - Essay Example The basis on Buddhism is constructed on recognizing the need to help living beings and truly understand their suffering. If this is achieved, the individual is capable of reaching the highest status available for all followers, nirvana: freedom from suffering and the cycle of rebirth. There are various ways of practicing Buddhism: meditation, physical exercises, devotional practices, ethical conduct and the cultivation of wisdom. Thus, Buddhism is based on teaching its followers a life that would be useful in this world and the next. Religion is an something that is practiced by its followers everyday, thus making it deeply engraved in their lives and actions. Buddhism is similar in this effect because it works to ensure that every belief or practice is beneficial not only to the follower but society as a whole. The word Budh comes from awakening and knowing (Smith 1995). Buddhism is divided into a number of branches. These are practiced and spread over different areas. Theravada is practiced in Southeast Asia and the doctrine states that a follower can lose their ignorance by understanding reality and thus reaching the end of the rebirth cycle. Mahayana is practiced in East Asia and the followers feel Buddha to be omnipotent and thus beyond the reach of the material world. Vajrayana is considered to be a part of the Mahayana sect while others see it to be the third Buddhist path. Though Buddhism is considered to be the strongest in Asia, it now exists all around the world. There are various scriptures in the Buddhist religions. They are divided into two broad categories: canonical texts are the direct sayings of Buddha himself and non-canonical texts are observations of Buddha's words, compilations of quotes and this history of Buddhism. An instance of a non-canonical text is the Tripitaka which has text written on long leaves and stored in baskets. It has been in existent since Buddha's life and with new additions, now comprises of three volumes. Buddhism resides in various concepts, most of which are given in the afore mentioned scriptures; amongst these, one is karma. The idea of karma is to be reborn into the cycle of suffering for every individual. Karma refers to the any idea that is affected by a mental or physical action and brings an equal result (Harvey). In this way, every action an individual conducts is done with a specific intent and it is that intent which makes the difference rather than the action itself. In Theravada, there is no forgiveness for a follower's karma. In this way, any action carried out by an individual has to be considered pure at both levels: physical and spiritual for it to help in the attainment of nirvana. Rebirth is another concept present in the Buddhist religion, it represents the different cycles an individual undergoes. This cycle represents the actions of the follower in the world which is determined by karma, rather than an unexplained jump from one life to another. This ensures that every individual in this society is bound to behave in an acceptable and amicable way in the hopes of reaching one of the six births: Naraka beings (those from hell) being the lowest and Devas (deities or angels) is the highest. Buddhism also pays great attention to practice of the faith. First and foremost is the show of devotion: bowing, pilgrimage, offering and chanting. This form is perfect in showing the due respect and reverence to the faith. To show this devotion, Buddhist temples, monasteries and stupas have been created all over the world for the followers to gather and practice. Creating a structure for representation allows the religion to

Answer the question Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Answer the question - Assignment Example The teacher would implement a humanist view to teaching and learning in some ways. First, whenever possible, allow each student to choose the activities to complete. They would also teach their students to set attainable academic goals. Finally, the teacher would allow students to participate in group work. Terms frequently used in education are often difficult to define because there are different types of definitions. Constitutive definitions, such as those used in the dictionary, use alternative words to define a term(Fraenkel & Wallen, 2009). The terms can also be defined by example. An operational definition is the working definition of a term for a specific research undertaking. Usually, to develop a working definition, the researcher will modify scholarly definitions of a term to adapt it to their research setting, or assign a value to the term. The term "excellence" may be defined operationally by quantifying excellence. Suppose a researcher investigates the relationship between class attendance and academic excellence. The researcher may define academic excellence as a mean grade of B and above. By this definition, a student who scores a mean grade of B or above is considered to have achieved academic excellence. Otherwise, the student who scores a grade lower than B is considered having not excelled in their studies. There is some truth in the statement that clarity of definition does not always result in effective communication(Fraenkel & Wallen, 2009). This might be the case for some reasons. First, different cultures attach different meanings to the same term. Therefore, in the event that the person defining the term and its recipient are of different cultures, the term may convey a different to the recipient from the one intended by the sender. Even when used within the same culture, a term may fail to convey the intended meaning because it carries many meanings and the person defining it has

Towards of Theory of Balanced Purges in Post-Conflict Reconstruction Essay

Towards of Theory of Balanced Purges in Post-Conflict Reconstruction Efforts - Essay Example In Iraq, by contrast, Paul Bremer engaged in a much more systemic and pervasive program of purges. In addition, purges were in many ways based on ethnic and political affiliations. The consequences of these two purges, at least in the short run, could not be more different. Japan stabilized quickly, pursued post-conflict reconstruction in an orderly manner, and exists today as an economic powerhouse. The outlook for Iraq is far less hopeful. Stabilization has not only not occurred, but would seem to be impossible under current conditions. The nature of the purges in each case, and the conditions related to the purges, go a long way towards explaining success in Japan and failure in Iraq. This essay will assert that deep purges of government, administrative, and military structures, if executed in accord with local conditions, can lead to stabilization in the short-run and prepare the country for an effective and an enduring reconstruction effort. To this end, this essay will discuss the risks and the rewards of the deep purge philosophy. Then more specifically, this essay will present a comparative analysis of deep purge strategies in Japan, Iraq, and Italy. As a preliminary matter, there are a number of perceived rewards associated with the purging of officials and institutions in enemy combatant states. The first reward, and one which is perhaps more psychological than practical in the short term, is a sense of retribution and punishment. There is a need for ultimate accountability and the purging of top leaders symbolizes victory. Both Saddam Hussein and Mussolini were paraded before the world as obstacles to peaceful reconstruction in their respective countries. The Emperor of Japan, for reasons to be discussed below, escaped the retribution and punishment reward. In his place, MacArthur chose General Tojo. An additional reward is the opportunity to pursue a reconstruction model which is closely aligned with the governing philosophies of the victorious country or countries. From an administrative and a political point of view, in each of the three cases involved here, this involved the transformation of authoritarian regimes into de mocratically-oriented regimes. Human rights were emphasized, constitutions drafted and implemented, and administrative mechanisms established to grant access and influence to the victors. Finally, and significantly, there were economic rewards associated with deep purges. The old economic elite were pushed aside, stripped of their wealth, and reconstruction contracts allocated to business organizations of the victorious countries. In short, the perceived benefits of a deep purge were associated with the sweeping away of both real and perceived opposition to the pervasive post-conflict reconstruction of the defeated country in the image of the victorious countries. There are, however, grave risks associated with the deep purging of a country's governing elite. Retribution for example, must be seen as balanced and just. MacArthur allowed Emperor Hirohito to preserve his dignity and thereby avoided potential uprisings against his administration of Japan. Paul Bremer's treatment of Saddam Hussein, on the other hand, was much less delicate. The deposed Iraqi leader was reported to have been hiding in a dirty hole in his underwear when captured. This public humiliation might certainly be

Nurse advocacy

Nurse advocacy Nurses are faced with a lot of issues and dilemma in their work places.   Nurses are committed to deliver services for all persons irrespective of color, background, social or economic status.   They are committed to promote individuals, families, communities and national health goals in the best manner possible according to the code of conduct. Nurses are also involved in ethical, legal and political issues in the delivering of health care. Not all the time the nurses and doctors make decisions about the patients treatment. The patients themselves have the right to decide whether they want the treatment or not.   Nonetheless the duty to promote a patients best interest may conflict with the duty to respect the same patients autonomous wishes concerning treatment.   This can lead to legal issues and the nurses and doctors have to follow the four principles approach.   The four principles is one of most widely used frameworks and offers a broad consideration of medical ethic s issues generally, not just for use in a clinical setting, The four principles are general guides that leave considerable room for judgment in specific cases. (Study Skills Notes) The four principles are: THE RESPECT OF AUTONOMY.   The principle or respect for autonomy entails taking into account and giving consideration to the patients views on his/her treatment regardless of their competent.   This self-rule is limited by the particulars of events that may render some choices to be merely apparent autonomous choices.   An example may be that a persons choices are influenced by illicit drugs, medication, disease processes or just the plain influence of another person.   In some cases people who have been physically or sexually abused sometimes hide the true nature of their abuse or abuser.   However, in this instance respect for autonomy involves not only ‘acknowledging decision-making rights but enabling persons to act automonously.'(Beauchamp and Childress 2001:pg63).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   THE BENEFICENCE means to do good in Latin.   The healthcare professional should act to benefit patient or client.   This principle may clash with the principle of respect for autonomy when the patient makes a decision that the healthcare professional does not think will benefit the patient.   It is clear that the nature of the relationship between health professionals and their patients establishes an obligation of beneficence.   This obligation is frequently referred to as a duty of care.   Ho wever, a duty of care is clearly also influenced by other principles.(Beauchamp and Childress 2001:pg225-275) NON-MALEFICENCE: Do no harm. As a justification for condemning any act which unjustly injures a person or causes them to suffer an otherwise avoidable harm.   For example, if a patient suffers an infection from a bacteria like methicillin (or multidrug)-resistant or MRSA because health care workers fail to take precautions such as properly washing their hands then that would be a breach of principle of non-maleficence.(Beauchamp and Childress 2001:pg225-275)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The fourth principle is JUSTICE: is the most difficult and elusive of the four principles.   One of conception of justice is termed ‘distributive justice.   This concerns for instance the just distribution of benefits such as state funded health care.   All distributions conform of justice that equals should be treated equally.   Justice means fairness not postcode lottery.   Each member of society, irrespective of wealth or position, should have access to healthcare.   However only those of health care that achieve or have priority. Such as emergency care or treatment for acute phases of illness or perhaps preventative health measures, education may be included in state-funded health care but purely cosmetic surgery or artificial fertilization treatments may not be included. (Beauchamp and Childress 2001:pg225-275) Like in this ladys case a 76 year old named Betty suffers from a continuous intestinal obstruction following a bowel perforation resection which means (a broken or burst bowel).   She has been chrormically unwell for a long time and has had recurrent chest infections and sepsis.   She has been admitted to intensive care on at least four occasions in the past year.   On each occasion, despite predictions to the contrary, she has been well enough to return home.   She was admitted again for the fifth time to intensive for an operation prior to another laparotomy.   This time she had heard enough so she refused treatment.   They then transferred her to an ordinary ward for nursing care with instructions for the nursing staff that she is to be kept comfortable but is not for further active treatment.   But Bettys daughter who is a doctor and lives abroad flown in and was adamant that everything possible should be done for her mother.   She asks for her mum to be returned to intensive care and be given the treatment.   Bettys son who lives locally and has been her main carer said his mother has been through enough and does not want her to have any further active intervention.   Thats when the four principles come in.   Betty has to be assessed to see whether she is competent then maybe persuade her to rethink if that doesnt work they just have to respect her wishes.   If Betty lacks capacity her views about the care she receives are important in determining her best interests.   The clinician may feel that he/she is not acting beneficently towards his/her patient if he/she allows her to die for lack of treatment.   With all that involve there will be tension between beneficence and non-maleficence in such a case.   Bettys son views are also important because he has been there for his mum regarding her wishes.   In Bettys case the law a competent person refusing treatment to put it in writing and witnessed.   The Act enables a person when competent to appoint a proxy to take healthcare decisions for her when she loses capacity.   This can be done through a Lasting Power of Attorney, a formal document that must be lodged with the Court of Protection. (Ethic education resource pack: Ethic and the vulnerable patient Ethox Centre 2005) According to the Nursing and Midwifery Councils Advocacy and Autonomy.   Every patient has the right to make their own decisions regarding their health care.   As a registered nurse, midwife or specialist community public health nurse, have to respect the patient or client as an individual.   Advocacy is concerned with promoting and protecting the interests of patients and clients, many of whom may be vulnerable and incapable of protecting their own interests.   They may lack the support of family and friends. (NMC Advocacy and Automomy).

Essay --

Concussion or Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Millions of concussions occur from sports participation every year. These injuries typically occur in collision (football and ice hockey) and contact sports (soccer and basketball) but can occur in any sport even traditional â€Å"non-contact† sports. Concussion or mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) has been defined as â€Å"a complex pathophysiological process affecting the brain, induced by traumatic biomechanical forces.† Typically this occurs after a direct blow to the head but can also occur with any blow to the body where forces are transmitted to the head. The symptoms of a concussion occur rapidly and often spontaneously resolve, however, these symptoms can also quickly worsen or return resulting in a medical emergency. Therefore, anyone experiencing the signs symptoms of a concussion or mTBI should consult a physician or medical professional to properly diagnose and treat this injury as monitoring or additional testing (MRI/ CT Scan)may be warranted. The acute symptoms of a concussion are listed in the table below: Signs and Sympto...